Human genome Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Human genome - Research Paper Example The codes are used by amino acids in the body to build proteins. When 3 nucleotides come together, it shows one of the possible amino acid. It means that when 3 nucleotides combine together, it develops instruction that the body cells will use to build body proteins. The proteins developed carry out the work of the cells starting from development allover the human life contributing to physical attributes and several other features like behavior and learning (International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium 2004). There exist twenty four different human chromosomes together with sex determining X and Y chromosomes. The genome is divided into two parts, coding and noncoding DNA sequences (Kauffman 1969). Coding DNA are sequences that can be transcribed into mRNA and converted into proteins in the lifetime of a man while noncoding DNA is made up of those sequences that are not used to encode proteins (Kauffman 1969). Noncoding is all the DNA sequences inside the genome which are not found inside the protein coding exons, which means that they are not represented with amino acid proteins. The full protein coding capacity of the genome contained in exome and it has DNA sequences encoded by exons and this can be converted into proteins. Genome contains several regulatory sequences that are important in controlling gene expression, it is approximated that the sequence contain up to 8 percent of the genome. There are some types of non-coding DNA which are genetic and cannot encode proteins but they can regulate when the genes are expressed. 8 percent of the genome is also made up of repetitive DNA sequences, the sequences varies greatly even among people who are closely related. The human genome varies depending on the sequence of DNA from one human being to another; people are unique since their genomes are unique. People who are closely related have their genome more similar. The difference between two people