How Long Have Humans Been Making Things Out of Glass

Glass is an inorganic solid material that is usually clear or translucent with different colors. It is hard, brittle, and stands up to the effects of wind, rain or sun. Glass has been used for various kinds of bottles and utensils, mirrors, windows and more. It is thought to have been first created around 3000 BC, during the bronze age. Egyptian glass beads date back to about 2500 BC. Mosaic Glass Modern glass originated in Alexandria during the Ptolemaic period, artisans created mosaic glass in which slices of colored glass were used to create decorative patterns. Glassblowing Glassblowing was invented during the 1st century BC by the glassmakers of Syria. Lead Crystal Glass During the 15th century in Venice, the first clear glass called Cristallo was invented and then heavily exported. In 1675, glassmaker George Ravenscroft invented lead crystal glass by adding lead oxide to Venetian glass. Sheet Glass On March 25, 1902, Irving W Colburn patented the sheet glass drawing machine, making the mass production of glass for windows possible. Glass jars and Bottles On August 2, 1904, a patent for a glass shaping machine was granted to Michael Owen. The immense production of bottles, jars and other containers owes its inception to this invention. Reference Websites History of Stained GlassGlass EncyclopediaPioneers in the Optical SciencesCarl ZeissHistory of Bausch Lomb Incorporated Continue   MirrorsEye Glasses SunglassesContact Lenses The history of mirrors dates back to ancient times when mankind first saw reflections in a pond or river and considered it magic. Polished stone or metal was used in the first early man-made mirrors. Later glass was used in combination with metals like tin, mercury, and lead to create mirrors. Today, combining glass and metal is still the design used in almost all modern mirrors. Mirrors made by coating flat glass with silver or gold foil dates from Roman times and the inventor is unknown. Definition of a Mirror The definition of a mirror is a reflecting surface that forms an image of an object when light rays coming from that object fall upon the surface. Types of Mirror A plane mirror which is flat, reflects light without changing the image. A convex mirror looks like an upside-down bowl, in a convex mirror objects look bigger in the center. In a concave mirror which has a bowl shape, objects look smaller in the center. The concave parabolic mirror is the principal element of a reflecting telescope. Two-way Mirrors The two-way mirror was originally called the transparent mirror. The first US patent goes to Emil Bloch, a subject of the Emperor of Russia residing at Cincinnati, Ohio -- U.S. patent No.720,877, dated February 17th 1903. Just like a regular mirror there is a silver coating on the glass of a two-way mirror which when applied to the back of the glass renders the glass opaque and reflective on its face under ordinary light conditions. But unlike a regular mirror, a two-way mirror is transparent when strong light is flashed in the rear. Continue GlassEye Glasses SunglassesContact Lenses Around 1000AD, the first vision aid was invented (inventor unknown) called a reading stone, which was a glass sphere that was laid on top of the material to be read that to magnified the letters. Around 1284 in Italy, Salvino DArmate is credited with inventing the first wearable eye glasses. This picture is a reproduction copied from an original pair of eyeglasses dating back to the mid-1400s. Sunglasses Around the year 1752, eyeglass designer James Ayscough introduced his spectacles with double-hinged side pieces. The lenses were made of tinted glass as well as clear. Ayscough felt that white glass created an offensive glaring light, that was bad to the eyes. He advised the use of green and blue glasses. Ayscough glasses were the first sunglass like eyeglasses, but they were not made to shield the eyes from the sun, they corrected for vision problems. Foster Grants Sam Foster started the Foster Grant Company in 1919. In 1929, Sam Foster sold the first pair of Foster Grants sunglasses at the Woolworth on the Atlantic City Boardwalk. Sunglasses became popular in the 1930s. Polarizing Sunglass Lenses Edwin Land invented a cellophane-like polarizing filter patented in 1929. This was the first modern filter to polarize light. Polarizing celluloid became the critical element in creating polarizing sunglass lenses that reduces light glare. In 1932, Land along with Harvard physics instructor, George Wheelwright III, founded the Land-Wheelwright Laboratories in Boston. By 1936, Land had experimented with numerous types of Polaroid material in sunglasses and other optical devices. In 1937, Edwin Land founded the Polaroid Corporation and began to use his filters in Polaroid sunglasses, glare-free automobile headlights and stereoscopic (3-D) photography. However, Land is best known for his invention and marketing of instant photography. Reference Websites History of EyeglassesThe oldest known lens was found in the ruins of ancient Nineveh and was made of polished rock crystal, an inch and one-half in diameter. The rest of the history disputes the next listing. SpectaclesInventors Bacon, Keppler, Franklin, Airy, and Fick. BifocalsEye glasses that see near and far. Continue GlassMirrorsContact Lenses Adolph Fick first thought of making glass contact lenses in 1888, but it took until 1948 when Kevin Tuohy invented the soft plastic lens for contacts to become a reality. Reference Websites Contact Lenses History Continue GlassMirrorsEye Glasses Sunglasses

Emergency Services for the Deaf - 1373 Words

Hurricanes, floods, fires and other emergency circumstances can be stressful for a lot of people, but they present additional hurdles for those who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing. In the United States, there is an estimated 36 million adults who report some degree of hearing loss and 2-3 of every 1,000 children is Hard of Hearing or Deaf (National Institute). When an emergency situation arises, all too often these populations of people are the last to find out because it is not accessible to them; having up-to-date information is crucial when it comes to all different emergency situation. With advancing technology, there is hope that receiving information about emergencies will become easier for people who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing.†¦show more content†¦This can be especially true for individuals who live alone and may not have someone to wake them up in case of an emergency. Additionally, if there is another person in the home, he or she may be hindered from waking of the individual with a hearing loss because they may be helping small children or they may be hindered by smoke. An example of a need for additional measures in homes to ensure the safety of individuals who are Deaf and Hard of Hearing is the case of a 2010 Arizona house fire, which claimed the lives of two young deaf boys. Their 15-year-old brother ran to emergency personal arriving on the scene and told them his family was inside the home. The parents and two toddlers were in front of the home and said the two other children were still inside, but the roof collapsed before firefighters could make it into the home and boys ages seven and eleven lost their lives (Two Deaf). This is just one example of the many casualties that the Deaf and Hard of Hearing community has to cope with because of outdated technology. Regardless of the fact that the Deaf and Hard of Hearing are at a disadvantage when it coms to receiving weather warning notices, things in their own home can be done to preve nt any accidents from happening. There are two options for a Deaf or Hard of Hearing person when it comes to smoke alarms andShow MoreRelatedEssay about Colombia Report1229 Words   |  5 Pages The Deaf population in the United States is composed both of individuals Deaf since early childhood and individuals who lost their hearing later in life. The quot;Deaf Communityquot;, a heterogeneous mix of people from all walks of life, represents every socio-economic and racial category. However, this group of people consider themselves quot;a communityquot; because they are bound by a common culture, history, heritage and, most importantly, a common language. This language, which forms theRead MoreCase Study : Metro Run A Heavy Bus System Essay1528 Words   |  7 Pagesstated that he is a resident of D.C. living in the Dupont Circle area. He stated that Metro has a credibility problem. The outreach from the Board and the GM are extremely important to addressing this issue. To compens ate for the possible change in service hours on the Metrorail, Mr. Kaffen suggest that Metro run a heavy bus system throughout major section of each jurisdiction in order to give customers ample transportation. Mr. Evans indicated that Metro has been working on such a proposal to run MetrobusRead MoreThe Everyday Challenges Of A Person Who Is Deaf : At The Workplace Essay1460 Words   |  6 PagesThe Everyday Challenges of a person who is Deaf: At the Workplace When it comes to everyday challenges faced by Deaf individuals, many instances come to mind where discrimination can take place, but for the sake of this paper I will be focusing on those instances that occur in the workplace, why they happen, and what can be done to remedy them. According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), there are approximately 28 million Americans that have some level of hearing lossRead MoreDeaf : A Cultural Identity849 Words   |  4 PagesDeaf Population There are approximately 35 million people with a range of hearing loss in the United States (Hamill Stein, 2001). Roughly half a million deaf people don’t consider their deafness as a disability or medical disorder. They view their deafness from a cultural perspective. They consider themselves a pride in being deaf. Deaf culture has its own social norms, views, values and historical figures and more on identity formation (Hamill Stein, 2001). With a capital â€Å"D’, this is consideredRead More How do deaf people use telephones? What about doorbells and alarm clocks?979 Words   |  4 Pages How do deaf people use telephones? What about doorbells and alarm clocks? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There are many everyday devises that we hearing people take for granted, among these are telephones, smoke alarms, doorbells, and alarm clocks. When we look at how members of the deaf community use these everyday items we must consider that members within the community have very different communication needs, abilities, and preferences. Hard-of-hearing people for example can use a standard telephoneRead MoreLegal Impacts Of Mortgage Loans1333 Words   |  6 Pagesfiscal impact of this bill. S.B. 481 was presented by Senator Spearman. The purpose of this bill is to change the Subcommittee on Communication Services for Persons Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing and Persons With Speech Disabilities of the Nevada Commission on Services for Persons with Disabilities into the Nevada Commission for Persons Who Are Deaf, Hard of Hearing or Speech Impaired in the Office of the Governor. As a result of an amendment to the bill, the fiscal note on this bill was $25,000Read MoreFilm Analysis: Sweet Nothing in My Ear1011 Words   |  5 Pagesmovie was about a child who was born hearing and ended up going deaf, so his parents had to deliberate on whether or not they wanted to get him a cochlear implant. The wife Laura (played by Marlee Matlin) is deaf and her husband Dan is hearing. The movie is centered around Laura and Dan’s struggle to decide if a cochlear implant is what’s best for their son Adam. It doesn’t help Laura make the decision when her parents a re both deaf, and her father is basically prejudiced against the hearing cultureRead MoreWhy I Got Into The Field Of Public Administration Essay1195 Words   |  5 PagesCity Manager at one day. Or even to be higher and daring than my current goal. I wanted to make a difference like every public servant wants. Despite of that comment I felt that I know what the hardship is like and I am ready to face more of it. As deaf person, which already experienced struggles and constant breaking barriers. While breaking those barriers I found out two key thinking are proactive and strive. Both of them have enhanced my thinking. Just same necessity for the local government toRead MoreFlashing Lights, Hugs From Strangers, Pounding Of Tables,1589 Words   |  7 PagesFlashing lights, hugs from strangers, pounding of tables, and more await those coming into the Deaf Cultural world. After all, how does one communicate with another who cannot hear? From the perspective of one who grew up in the he aring world, these cultural norms were anything but normal; yet they have become ingrained, almost second nature. Now these are my norms and are part of my world. My journey into Deaf culture started in elementary school while riding the school bus. A friend of mine named FrancisRead MoreLanguage Barriers Of Emergency Services Essay878 Words   |  4 PagesLanguage Barriers in Emergency Services Deborah Wheeler Term Paper FSA 345, Fall 2016 Eastern Oregon University Language Barriers in Emergency Services Introduction The most important aspect of emergency services is the ability to respond in a timely manner. Quick response in critical, especially in life threatening situations. Communication is an important factor, because clear, often pertinent information is necessary for the correct treatment to be provided. Therefore, any barriers

The Point Of The Education Systems Way Of Teaching Kids

Creativity is all in us but we either grow out of it or we are educated out of it. The theme of this essay is covering the point of the education systems way of teaching kids to fit in with the normal standard of today’s working adult. As we grow up wanting to be something that we love we are later on taught that it’s not acceptable to do something we love because there are no jobs out there for it, thus teaching kids to abandon their dreams and do something they don’t want to do for the rest of their lives. Schools base education and learning off of the future but how can we base it off the future when nobody can really predict what the future holds in 5 years’ time. In my honest opinion education needs to be reevaluated and teach kids to follow their dreams and do what they love because life is too short to sit at a dead end job for the rest of your life. Ken Robinson was an effective speaker and made some really good points on how kids lose their creativity over time as their education continues. He talks about how to be original you have to be human and make mistakes, but schools are now engraving into the children’s head that mistakes are the worst things you could do. As stated in 5:45 of the video by ken, â€Å"If you don’t prepare to be wrong, you will never come up with anything original†. Being original is the key to creative but not a single person can make their dreams come true without making mistakes and education prevents kids from even trying to make mistakes.Show MoreRelatedImproving Education During The 21st Century959 Words   |  4 PagesImproving Education in America One of the first issues is that the U.S is 26th in math, 21st in science, and 17th in reading. America leads in many things except the most important education. China, Finland and Korea are way ahead of us when it comes to education. America s school system ranked fifth in spending. The type of education of a child is one of the factors of their success. Which is one of the areas we need to change. As teachers get their degree they need to be properlyRead MoreTechnology Has Changed Our Society Essay1425 Words   |  6 Pagessignificantly influenced our society. Technology is being used all over the place, anywhere and is instant. When we say technology, it can mean a lot of things. But according to the New Zealand Ministry of Education, â€Å"technology is the use of practical and intellectual resources to develop products and systems (technological outcomes) that expand human possibilities by addressing needs and realising opportunities.† Technology is currently more complex and has developed into distinctive sorts. 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The other piece I am comparing is three girls, Belissa Escobedo, Rhiannon McGavin and Zariya Allen, who share their unspoken high school eperiences. In â€Å"I Just Sued The School System, Prince gives many examplesRead MoreBuilding A New Culture Of Teaching And Learning Essay1500 Words   |  6 Pagesa video, by Dr. Tae, that addresses some of the problems with our education system. One of the problems Tae addresses is depersonalization, but he only mentions it at the university level. However, when looking at other sources it becomes apparent that depersonalization is occurring throughout our education system. In â€Å"Building a New Culture of Teaching and Learning,† Dr. Tae brings up many points about why our education system is failing. Tae talks about the depersonalization, specifically inRead MoreThe Teacher Is The Fountain Of All Knowledge1572 Words   |  7 Pagesessential. I am from a teaching family and I am a certified Montessori School Teacher myself. There are also varying teacher programs such as Special Education and different levels of schooling and certification within these parameters. I am certified to teach kids that are preschool age and Kindergarten for instance, but someone teaching school age kids has to meet different requirements than I had to meet to become certified. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that teaching at any level requiresRead MoreHomework : Busywork Or Beneficial?1439 Words   |  6 Pagesnever be busywork. This method of smart teaching already exists in multiple places throughout the world and the mindsets of many successful people h ave demonstrated this bent in education. Homework doesn’t always equal a quality education; rather the productivity of the homework manifests in how much the homework proves both memorable and enjoyable. If learning means the new, the different and thrives under discovery, then shouldn’t the learning system change just as much as the children’s mindsRead MoreWaiting For Superm Persuasive Essay1539 Words   |  7 Pagesguarantee the access to education in our country, it is one of the most challenging and worst points for our society when it comes to the government. Every time a new government party begins everything changes and that causes major impact to our lives but when it comes to education it is something we worry about a lot because that is our future of our country. The educational problem presented on the documentary â€Å"Waiting for Superman† shows how the educative public system is in the United StatesRead MoreEuropean Colonization On Sub Saharan African Education760 Words   |  4 PagesEuropean Colonization on Sub-Saharan African Education Before the Europeans came and colonized much of Africa, including its schooling systems, many educational practices in Africa consisted of groups of older people, known as elders, teaching aspects of life such as rituals and rites of passage, helping to transition children into adulthood. Almost every member of the African community played a part in the educational upbringing of a child. However, when European colonialism began to take placeRead MoreShould There Be A National Standard For Teaching Licenses1384 Words   |  6 Pagesnational standard for teaching license’s instead of a state by state license? In the United States of America, you are required to have a license in a state that you are trying to teach in. Each state has their own version of how they would like their teachers to teach. How they want the school year to go in each grade and what will be taught to the students. This topic is very important to me, for the reason that I grew up in one state till I was 11 years old. I was used to the teaching style and what

A Case Study on Hudson Fabricators, Inc. - 989 Words

I. Background Information Hudson Fabricators, Inc. is a small fabrication firm which was founded in 1976. It produces various items such as hoppers, light building steel, conveyors, supports, frames, and platforms for a lot of major companies mostly around central Ohio, and even to different parts across the globe. Hudson Fabricators, Inc. has around 12 to a maximum of 40 full-time employees, depending with production. The company operates in a job-shop environment. Some of their clients are: Marzetti Foods, Rockwell Internations, and Anheuser-Busch. II. Summary of Finding Hudson Fabricators, Inc. only uses materials certified by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), and ASME has requirements Hudson needs to†¦show more content†¦Josh was given this job in order to help the company grow however he is still new and for the group, he still needs more time and experience in order to fully analyze and understand day-to-day operations of the business so that the implementation plan will be concrete and will slowly help bring up the company. The first alternative for Josh is after the analysis, he must form a department that must look up for key suppliers that would constantly provide them with the necessary materials they require in doing and finishing their jobs. The other alternative is to change the current system in which the company should keep an inventory of finished goods or an inventory of materials. The company may have different sets of clients however the orders that come by in case of some defects, the company may immedia tely replace and fix those which is necessary to be fixed. And keeping a stock of materials may save them lead time from ordering and can save them money through bulk purchasing. V. Detailed Recommendations After a complete analysis of the current system, Josh should be able to deeply understand the operations of the company, he should have been able to determine what constricts the company from earning more and spending less. Josh must look up for suppliers who intend to provide them materials in a long term basis and to provide these materials on time and in proper condition. This

The Stages in Learning Free Essays

Explain own role and responsibilities in lifelong learning The four stages of the learning cycle are as follows 1) The Initial assessment Identifying needs can be accomplished by reviewing previous courses attended Depth of knowledge, experience, perceptions and level of ability, disability awareness, Considering learning needs/styles which can help produce an Individual learning plan. ) The planning and design Deciding aims/learning outcomes which in turn will enable to help the tutor in auging the level and ability of the learners by using the IA/ILP of their learners, and will then also assist the tutor to come up with a schedule of work and then a focused lesson plan that is relevant to their learners, it will also help the tutor to select the appropriate resources and learning environment for the learners and will also assist the tutor to produce/purchase the required resource material needed. ) The delivery of the course When we deliver the course or session we must always consider the pace of delivery ,the pitch ,and we must always adjust them to meet the learners needs, as utors we must always take into consideration the group dynamics ,we should always try to establish and maintain a positive rapport with our learners , we can accomplish this by using icebreakers and teach the sessions with enthusiasm and with positive energy thus energising the learners so they have and gain a positive attitude towards the subject they are learning. We will write a custom essay sample on The Stages in Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now ) Recorded evaluation for both learner and tutors As tutors we must continually evaluate all areas and levels that have been completed by the learners and the tutors and all evaluations should be acted upon in a easonable timescale this will in turn help us as tutors to adopt a Continuous professional development, When ever we carry out assessments we must always make sure that it is constructive and not destructive and also we must make sure that it is accurately recorded, we must always make sure that this is carried out all the way through the teaching cycle. In summary the teaching cycle is a systematic approach to training that comprises four interlinked stages, it is vital that continuous assessment with constructive feedback and accurate recording must occur throughout each and every stage. How to cite The Stages in Learning, Papers

Essay on Social Networking Harmful or Helpful Essay Example For Students

Essay on Social Networking: Harmful or Helpful? Essay Twitter and Facebook are only two of the online connections people use today to stay in contact with friends and family. The internet is the place to interact with new people and a way to expose yourself to strangers. The partial anonymity available online can be used as a mask for sexual offenders and psychos; they can appear to be ordinary normal people, and you have no way of really knowing what is the the truth and what is the lie. Too much personal information is at risk on these social networking sites. You cant really build a relationship with an online friend because on the internet you can become whoever you want to be. Many people tend to agree that the socializing network can be both harmful or helpful. Many like the respect they receive from their online â€Å"pals. † It builds some peoples self-esteem and confidence. Rather then speaking verbally with a person, you could easily message them. Some People like to build fake relationships rather than real ones because real relationships are difficult for those who â€Å"lack communication skills.† The internet gives them a place.